Ist Edn, , 2d Edn. Glossary of French, Judicial torms. A collection af Latin maxims und roles in law and equity, selected from the mosbeminent authors on the civil, eanon, feudal, English, and Seots law, with an Bae glish tronslation, 1 vol. Bdine bargh, American edn. Rechts Lexivon. Lelpsie, Ist American edn. A dictionary of the Norman or old French language. A concordance of words and phrases construed in the Judicial reports, and of legal dedn. Louis, LEE, Thomas.
Glossary of works and terms frequently used by builders, architeets, ele, [Printed in his Trea- tise on the Law of Building. Boston, Maxims and rules of the Jaw of England and prineiples of equi- ty. Dublin, A pocket Gietionary of the law of bills of ex- change, prowissury notes, bank notes, ehecics, ete.
Philadel phia, Ist Amer. A concise lass dictionary, 1 vol. Glossarium juri- Aico-Danicum. Kjtben ravn, 1G Note, A secon, reviseil edition was printed in , and this, was reprinted in and sulse- quently.
A compendious law dictionary, containing both an expla. Intended for the use of the conutry gentlem:m, the merchant, and the pro- fessional man, 1yol. Londun, ix AT The pocket Jaw lexicon, explaining teelical words, phrases, and maxims of the English, Scotch, and oman law. Printed at the end of the col- lection of the laws of Jauwes 1. Folio, Edinburgh, Glossarium ar chaiologicum; continens Latino-Hare bara, peregrina, obsoleta, et novatee significationis vooabula. Glossary of technical nd maxims of the Lyol.
A dictionary of English law, eontahing deuuitions of the tech- nical terms in modern use and a cone cise slatement of the rules of law affecting the principal subjects, with historical and etymological notes. Blackstone, Knt. American editfon. Ist American from ist English defining and interpreting the terms or Edu. Latin phrases and fai, und antiquarian writers, 2 vol. A com- with translations and illustrations. Ist oF the reason of the cowmon law of Ban.
England, 1 vol. A, Lat. R, Anno regni, the year of the reign; aa, AR. Aabendum et tenendum. To have und to hold. A aver et tener a luy ata heives, touts jours,—to have and to hold to him and his heirs forever. Law—1 max. D Fioin the heavens tothe center ofthe enc, A communi observantia non ost re- cadondum.
From common abservance there Should be uo depactare; there must bono de- parture from common usage. Tond Coke applies it to eominon professional opinion. In Frenen jaw. In relation to the contract of aifveightment, signifies when the cargo is talvew on condition that the mastor succeeds in completing his enrgo fvom other sources. More Law, Tat, From the date. Denomination ought to be from the more worthy.
Fleta, lib. A rorvar? ET sans caravrre, M In French law. Da Cunge. An offer who hhad charge of ti. Noone fs bound to do what is impossible, A ME. Unjustiy detaining from me. He is anid to withhold 2 ma from mo who has obtained possesston of my property unjustly. From bed fan board. Irom birth, or from infaney. Lat, From palatinn, wpalace. Counties palatine are hence so. Sea Pacarros, A piretis aut latronibus capti liberi permanent, Persons taken by pirates or tobbers remain free, Dig.
Things taken or enpt- tured by pirates and robbers do not change thetr ownersbip. No right to the spoil vests in the piratieal eaptors; no tight Is derivable from them to any recaptors in prejudice o. A torm used in logic todenote an argument founded on experi- ment or observation, or one whieh, taking ascertained facts as an effect, proceeds by synthesis and induction to demonstrate their cause, A PRENDRE. Fot Aas. A right to take something out of the soll of another is a profit a pren- dre, or a right coupled with a profit.
Sometimes written as one word, apprendre, apprender. A QUO. A term used, with the correla. From which, The judge or court froin which a ewuso bas been brought by error or appeal, or bas otherwise been removed, is teriad the judge or court quo; aqua. Mam, N. A reseriptis valet argumentum, An arguinent draw from original writs in the register is gool. Co, Litt, 1a. One whose offiee it was to give or convey answers; otberwisa termed respon- salts, and apoerisiavius.
Lat, Behind; in arrear. The stroke Ld is always written downwards. No vowel comes between the L and D sounds, and no vowel comes after it. Ray joins better in most combinations. It is faster to write than Ar and, because there are more downstrokes than upstrokes in Pitman's Shorthand, using Ray keeps a large number of outlines from descending too far.
If the vowel calls for Ar, it is used where it joins well, mainly before horizontal or upstrokes: barely bearskin Brierley terseness tiresome tireless sparsely scarcely securely doorman determine similarly requirement diurnal angular binocular Ar is sometimes used before a right clockwise curve to gain a more flowing outline, despite a vowel following it: quarrel squirrel flourish aneurism neural neuralgia but neurotic neurosis Top of page 3.
A non-standard suggested contraction could be to disjoin or intersect stroke En with "surmountable" and write in 3rd position. Before Kay Gay vowel indication is often possible: fork ferric forego farrago cork Carrick cargo Garrick clerk cleric lark lyric Sark cirque sarcasm circus circuit stark Syriac Syracuse sirocco stearic resurrect insurrection Top of page 5.
Keeping them in your vocabulary notebook whenever they are encountered is helpful, so they can be practised further. After 2 downstrokes use Ray to keep the outline from descending too far: prepare despair disappear aspire stapler taxpayer ratepayer horse-power proposer trespasser Shakespeare occasionally Shakespere babbler troubler butler splutterer totterer chatterer hairdresser discoverer ditherer tax-gatherer treasurer bookstore downstairs upstairs endorser brigadier bugbear blusterer pesterer plasterer Note: fosterer to avoid awkward join After Eff and Vee, Ar gives a more facile outline, which outweighs having 3 downstrokes: pacifier testifier defier decipherer justifier exemplifier baffler trifler muffler shuffler shoveller Top of page 2.
The resulting join between Ray and Ar is not ideal, so care is needed to write accurately: rarer roarer hurrier hairier abhorrer adherer but horror horary Note the following where the hook or circle shows the junction: harasser rehearse rehearser resorter referrer reverter heronry hero-worship The above outlines need not invade the line above, because they are written at a shallow angle.
Invading the line above is not critical, because that line is already written; descending too far is more to be avoided because you will have to jump over the lower part of that outline when writing on the next line. Top of page 7. This is in contrast to single syllable derivatives, which generally change their form as necessary e.
Pairs of such outlines need to be distinctive as most of the time they will be unvocalised. This is achieved by changing the R stroke if possible, or adding an additional R stroke. This method is only concerned with producing pairs of different outlines and avoiding bad joins, not with showing the meaning of the prefix or any attempt to reflect the two R's in the longhand: 1.
Change Ray to Ar, this accords with normal vowel indication: relevant irrelevant replaceable irreplaceable retrievable irretrievable religious irreligious 2. If the Ray cannot be changed because a bad join would result, then add Ar to the beginning. No vowel sign comes between the two R strokes: radiate irradiate reclaimable irreclaimable redeemable irredeemable reducible irreducible rational irrational 3.
If unsure about an "irr-" word during dictation, add the extra initial Ar anyway, whether it is correct or not — it will be perfectly legible. Avoiding hesitation during dictation is the highest priority, but the outline should be looked up and drilled at the first opportunity, so that you are always using the shortest outline available.
R not shown Suffixes -ward -wort -wart -yard. These are unvocalised when used as suffixes. See Theory 10 Halving page for description and examples. Only the hooked form can be halved.
When no vowel follows, the P is hardly sounded. It is therefore omitted and a halved Em is used to represent the M P T sound. This reflects the pronunciation and produces a shorter outline.
Do not be misled by the final "-ed" in the longhand spelling, the pronunciation is always the T sound. The compound sound MBD i. With such words you could use stroke Imp if you wanted, but your outline would not match the theory book or the dictionary. You cannot however use a thickened halved Em, because that is not available, being already used to represent plain MD.
What people say when they are speaking carefully may be entirely different from their pronunciation in actual fast usage. Top of page 2. A lone stroke, thickened, halved and with shun hook is too indistinct to be reliable. The two strokes shown above represent identical sounds, and which to use depends on the convenience of the join.
If the word is derived from one that uses a hook i. Top of page Finally 1. The reason for this is not explained, but I am assuming it is to provide an extra differentiation between the two strokes. A non-theory suggestion would be to write "fiendish" with the Ish through the line.
Compare with "misshape" above. If all the curves went the same way, the outline would be difficult to read and become illegible when written at speed. Top of page Words of non-English origin Words of French origin often pronounce their longhand "ch" with the Ish sound, although the rest of the word generally accords with English pronunciation. If you used Ish you would then have to change the past tenses to much longer outlines with full stroke Dee.
SK: schema scholar schizophrenia schizanthus scherzo schism ischiatic eschatology scholium schooner Pasch paschal CH: escheat eschew kitsch klatsch 1. The dot represents the whole of the syllable — do not write an extra stroke M or N just because the longhand has two of that letter. The con dot is not omitted in the way that vowel dots are omitted at will. With some stroke combinations chiefly after Pee Bee Tee Dee it may be possible to also indicate the vowel of the second part by writing that in position as well, but not at the expense of keeping the two close together.
Disjoining: writing the parts of an outline near to each other because a they cannot be joined satisfactorily, or b detaching a portion of the outline to signify another suffix, e. Its name reflects the fact that the parts would be joined if they could, or were joined to start with. When using proximity, the outlines take their position from the first vowel of the word, as normal.
In the following, the initial prefix is the first up or downstroke, so that is the one that takes its rightful position in regard to the line. The second half of the outline can also be in position according to its vowel, but only if a convenient outline results: decompose decompression decontaminate discontinue discomfort disconnect disconcerting ill-concealed ill-conceived ill-considered malcontent overconfident overcompensate preconceive preconception precondition recompense recommend recommendation reconcile reconnoitre recondite recombine recondition reconsider reconstruct recommit reconnect recommence subconscious subcommittee subcontract subcontinent well-conducted well-constructed well-connected well-concealed Top of page In the following, the initial prefix is a horizontal stroke.
The first up or downstroke comes somewhere after the con-, so that is the stroke that is written in position in regard to the line. Unlike the "medial con" words listed above, the con- word in such phrases must retain its correct position in regard to the ruled line.
Sometimes the con- word cannot be placed clearly in the combination and is better written with the con dot: Clear combination: should commend, and command, on the committee, beyond the control Needs dot: should command, and commend, on the connection, beyond control, would complete When a vowel-sign short forms is part of a phrase, then proximity can be used because the con- word is being written near a stroke rather than just a floating dot or dash: for the conditions, in the committee, for all consumers, if you would consider Compare: The conditions The committee All consumers would consider If you decide to leave a larger-than-usual space between outlines in order to signify your future punctuation in the transcript, then clearly proximity is not possible.
It would not be appropriate anyway because it should only be used for words that run on easily as per normal phrasing rules and not where there is a natural gap or pause.
As shorthand speed is helped by having reasonably compact notes rather than sprawling ones, it is important that only the clearest proximity phrases are used.
When in doubt, retain the dot for the con- word rather than risk a hesitation or unclear notes. Alternatives are given here because the shorthand dictionary does not reflect current pronunciation.
The prefix is joined only for "accommodation" and "accomplish" as those outlines are distinctive enough not to be mistaken for other words. As they are both nouns, adding Circle S to the short form would be ambiguous.
Top of page "Magnetism" etc in compound words: the contraction should not be joined, as that would not be clear. If the Em can be joined to the stroke before it, then use it for the "magne-" prefix. Writing in full as shown is preferable to using the contraction, in order to avoid ambiguities about the endings, see asterisked note on "magnetics" above. If the magn- ends with any vowel other than the short ones shown above, it is written using full strokes, and these are not prefixes anyway: magnum magnate magnolia magnesium magnesian magnesia magnesic An exception to the above rule is "magneto".
The "magnet" words are derived from Magnesia, a region in Greece where magnetic rocks were first discovered in ancient history. Top of page 4. As the outlines need to remain unvocalised for speed purposes and their position may not always be clearly written, repeating or changing the stroke is the most reliable way to ensure the difference is always obvious.
Top of page c irr- Change Ray to Ar, as you would normally do when a vowel precedes the R sound: relevant irrelevant If that is not possible or convenient, add an Ar before the Ray. Note that the first vowel is written before the Ar, and the following vowel is written after the Ray: radiate irradiate If the outline already uses Ar, then add another Ar to the beginning. Top of page 6. INTER- INTRO a Inter always uses doubled Em and can be vocalised, as per normal doubling rules: interpret interplay interfere interferometer interpolate interview intervene interval interchangeable interweave intertwine compare intwine entwine intercept intersect intercede intercessor interlace interlock interlink interlingual interlining interlunar interlinear Note: lunar linear international interzonal interbreed intersperse intercity interact interdependence interrelationship These do not repeat the R in the next syllable: interregnum interrogate interrupt Disjoin a following M lack of angle between strokes of different lengths or upward L to avoid an awkward join : intermittent intermarry intermix intermediate intermediary intermingle intermural intermezzo interleave interloper interlude intercommunicate intercom Note: interim has separate strokes, as the central vowel is somewhat slurred, and the alternative would be disjoining.
It therefore counts as a special unvocalised prefix, like magna-. As vowels are normally omitted, more distinction is needed. The latter may be faster as there are no pen lifts to slow down. Using doubling for both inter and intro relies on the fact that, apart from the two pairs above, they are mutually exclusive, thus avoiding clashes. With normal words, the outline is written in 2nd position, to accord with the vowel in "self", but short forms and contractions retain their original position.
The self circle is never omitted. Not used medially or finally for the word "self". Most of the time you will not be vocalising outlines and can place the circle right next to the stroke: self-opinionated self-employed self-sown If you have already completed the outline, and then decide you need to go back and insert the 2nd place vowel, placing it outside the self circle will still be readable, even though it is not the perfect textbook version. Top of page b Self-con Write circle at the head of the stroke, to replace the con dot.
Correction of the speaker's word-formation may not be appropriate in some circumstances. The Circle S at the end of some of the short forms above is only expressing the S sound, and is not being used as a joined "self circle". An outline using the self circle prefix should not be phrased with the word before it. Going back to insert a circle would cause more delay and interruption to smooth flow of writing than is gained by phrasing.
The circle is not used to represent the lone word "self" in phrases. The self circle cannot clash with intervening dot vowels against hooked strokes, as all of these are in first position. The rules are that a second place intervening dot vowel is never shown: self-praise person perspex parallel paragraph palpable If you need to emphasise just the word "self" then write it in full so that you can put a wavy line under it: He said self service, not health service! Top of page 8. As the N is lightly sounded, it can be omitted and the outlines remain readable: Before P and M: transpose transpire transport transparent transplant transpacific transmit transmitter transmission transmute transmogrify transoceanic transhume transmigration also transnational but transept transom To allow hooks: transfer transference transgress but transverse to distinguish from "transfers" Stroke N and R hook both omitted in these: transcribe transcript transcription Before Ell: translate translation translator retranslate transliterate transalpine Top of page 9.
I am keeping to the latter in these pages as being the more up-to-date and quicker to write, although you are unlikely to need to insert that vowel sign: super super superabundance superannuate superannuation supernatural supernumerary supercharger supercilious superficial superfluous superman superhuman superimpose superlative supermarket supernova supersede supersonic superstition superstitious superstructure supervene supervise supervisor super-cooled super-tanker super-duper Supra Always insert the second vowel: supranational supralunar supramundane supra-orbital Note these not prefixes: superb superior supernal Top of page If a clash arose, a non-theory suggestion would be to either insert the con dot, or make the "mis-" disjoin by using the shorthand hyphen sign, so that any suggestion of "con" is excluded.
In such words the S sound is immediately followed by a consonant, and without the double S both longhand and shorthand , one would tend to read the second part as beginning with that consonant e.
Top of page Modern dictionaries seem not to differentiate the pronunciations of these 2 prefixes. Knowing the meanings of the prefixes is a great help in getting the spellings correct, although some of the words below may be encountered with variant spellings e. If you know what the words mean, keeping to the correct prefix for each meaning should keep your spelling of them on track and avoid the confusing variants that sometimes find their way into print. Never uses the reversed FR.
If you need to differentiate, then it is worthwhile learning both outlines. The version "forejudge" is probably the one most likely to be met in normal non-legal speech.
Presumably the two ways of writing of "gather" provide additional differentiation. Most of the "for-" words have the accent on the second syllable, so the hooked form is more appropriate. With "fore-" most are accented on the first syllable, making full strokes more appropriate. This helps to show where the accent lies, and so improves legibility, as well as providing additional distinction between the above pairs.
Otherwise dot at end of stroke for -ing, dash for -ings, finally only. Occasionally halved Ess, down or upwards. Otherwise use Circle S. Stroke Ess preferred in some names. Not vocalised if disjoined. Add Circle S as normal. The second method is a dot at the end point of the stroke, used where stroke Ing would be unclear, awkward or impossible to write. A dash, written at right angles to the end of the stroke, is used for the plural "ings".
It is written with a forwards not backwards movement wherever possible. Vertical dashes are written downwards. The dot and dash represent the whole syllable like the Con Dot does so they are deemed to include the I vowel.
This means that a vowel that comes immediately before the "-ing" is shown plain as normal, and does not become a diphone or triphone. Stroke Ing is preferable to dot Ing. As the dot involves a pen lift and careful positioning, it is slightly slower than using the stroke. This is because there is a choice of methods, unlike when forming other derivatives and attachments e. An outline may change to permit the joining of -ingly as well as some of the other prefixes because there is no choice of method to represent that particular suffix, see below.
The examples below fall into this category, and they take Dot Ing instead. The purpose is to preserve the readability of the outline and avoid ambiguity — if stroke Ing were used in these cases, one might try to read the Ing immediately after the consonant stroke before it, which would lead to errors in reading back e.
The opposite is the case with "giving" where the V is not shown in the outline, and if you just added a stroke Ing, you might read it as some other word or think that you have written "going" out of position. These short forms already represent the "ing" syllable: building according during owing b Contractions mostly use Dot Ing, for the same reason as with short forms above, i.
Contractions are dealt with full in the Contractions section. Top of page 3. An Ar may change to Ray to reflect the vowel that comes after, as well as to prevent the outline descending too far. This may possibly be to prevent a clash e. In a few instances this has to be written upwards and is the only instance of a stroke being written directly upwards.
This is no problem, as, being half size, it is similar to writing the upward-travelling part of a Ses circle or Shun Hook. Top of page 5. In these you should consider inserting the last vowel: actress benefactress tigress waitress actors benefactors tigers waiters I have avoided calling the root words the "male" version as they are commonly used to cover either or both, as many of the "-ess" variants are falling out of use or becoming more narrowed in their meaning. The following have to make an awkward change of curve direction, something avoided wherever possible.
The circle is written in the direction it would take if the two strokes were straight ones i. This formation is not used for "nism". The placement of disjoined strokes is much easier when no vowels are being written in. A vowel before a contracted suffix sometimes has no stroke that it can be written to and so it is disregarded in those instances. Such vowels are underlined in the longhand throughout this page. Some of the suffixes are whole words in their own right, and the disjoined suffix can often be used in advanced phrases to represent those words — "fullness mental mentality ship shipment logical ability".
Such phrases are not recommended for those still learning the system, likely to produce more hesitation than speed. These phrases will be included in a future Phrasing page. In full where clearer. No need to disjoin. Ocasionally using stroke Ard In full where clearer or where necessary. The original direction of Ell is irrelevant for "-lessness", as there is no join to affect the choice: effortless effortlessness endless endlessness sunless sunlessness As the "-lessness" suffix is never vocalised, it need never clash with a "-less" that has had to be disjoined.
If necessary, you can put the vowel in "-less" as it is not a contracted suffix: friendless friendlessness Neither textbooks nor dictionary has any mention of the plural "-lessnesses" but it would be logical to change the Circle S of the suffix to a Ses Circle. Also distinguishing outline dutifulness.
Where the "-ment" cannot join, the outline or the suffix may change to enable a join. Keep the halved En short so it does not look like "atoning". As "atonement" and "attainment" share the same contracted outline, a non-dictionary suggestion would be to insert the O vowel for atonement, being the less common word. Where a final "-ment" cannot join satisfactorily, the M sound is omitted and only "-ent" is written. This counts as a contracted suffix and is therefore is not vocalised; any third place vowel coming before the suffix must be written against the previous stroke.
There is never any need to disjoin the -nt: postponement enchantment refinement confinement arraignment achievement pavement approvement deferment preferment merriment resentment consignment commandment ascertainment monument effacement defacement commencement announcement pronouncement denouncement enhancement enhance imprisonment accompaniment advancement tenement alignment enlistment discernment to distinguish from discerning Take care that the halved En does not resemble an Ing, which would have a similar meaning in some cases e.
Second Commoner Why, sir, cobble you. I am, indeed, sir, a surgeon to old shoes; when they are in great danger, I recover them. Why dost thou lead these men about the streets?
Second Commoner Truly, sir, to wear out their shoes, to get myself into more work. But, indeed, sir, we make holiday, to see Caesar and to rejoice in his triumph. What conquest brings he home? What tributaries follow him to Rome, To grace in captive bonds his chariot-wheels? You blocks, you stones, you worse than senseless things! O you hard hearts, you cruel men of Rome, Knew you not Pompey? And do you now put on your best attire? And do you now cull out a holiday?
Be gone! Run to your houses, fall upon your knees, Pray to the gods to intermit the plague That needs must light on this ingratitude. FLAVIUS Go, go, good countrymen, and, for this fault, Assemble all the poor men of your sort; Draw them to Tiber banks, and weep your tears Into the channel, till the lowest stream Do kiss the most exalted shores of all. Exeunt all the Commoners See whether their basest metal be not moved; They vanish tongue-tied in their guiltiness.
You know it is the feast of Lupercal. Caesar speaks. Flourish Soothsayer Caesar! Soothsayer Beware the ides of March. Vexed I am Of late with passions of some difference, Conceptions only proper to myself, Which give some soil perhaps to my behaviors; But let not therefore my good friends be grieved— Among which number, Cassius, be you one— Nor construe any further my neglect, Than that poor Brutus, with himself at war, Forgets the shows of love to other men. Tell me, good Brutus, can you see your face?
And be not jealous on me, gentle Brutus: Were I a common laugher, or did use To stale with ordinary oaths my love To every new protester; if you know That I do fawn on men and hug them hard And after scandal them, or if you know That I profess myself in banqueting To all the rout, then hold me dangerous.
I do fear, the people Choose Caesar for their king. Then must I think you would not have it so. But wherefore do you hold me here so long? What is it that you would impart to me? Well, honour is the subject of my story. I cannot tell what you and other men Think of this life; but, for my single self, I had as lief not be as live to be In awe of such a thing as I myself. And this man Is now become a god, and Cassius is A wretched creature and must bend his body, If Caesar carelessly but nod on him.
Ye gods, it doth amaze me A man of such a feeble temper should So get the start of the majestic world And bear the palm alone. Men at some time are masters of their fates: The fault, dear Brutus, is not in our stars, But in ourselves, that we are underlings. Why should that name be sounded more than yours? Now, in the names of all the gods at once, Upon what meat doth this our Caesar feed, That he is grown so great?
Age, thou art shamed! Rome, thou hast lost the breed of noble bloods! When went there by an age, since the great flood, But it was famed with more than with one man?
Now is it Rome indeed and room enough, When there is in it but one only man. What you have said I will consider; what you have to say I will with patience hear, and find a time Both meet to hear and answer such high things. Till then, my noble friend, chew upon this: Brutus had rather be a villager Than to repute himself a son of Rome Under these hard conditions as this time Is like to lay upon us.
But I fear him not: Yet if my name were liable to fear, I do not know the man I should avoid So soon as that spare Cassius. CASCA Why, there was a crown offered him: and being offered him, he put it by with the back of his hand, thus; and then the people fell a-shouting.
Then he offered it to him again; then he put it by again: but, to my thinking, he was very loath to lay his fingers off it. And then he offered it the third time; he put it the third time by: and still as he refused it, the rabblement hooted and clapped their chapped hands and threw up their sweaty night-caps and uttered such a deal of stinking breath because Caesar refused the crown that it had almost choked Caesar; for he swounded and fell down at it: and for mine own part, I durst not laugh, for fear of opening my lips and receiving the bad air.
If the tag-rag people did not clap him and hiss him, according as he pleased and displeased them, as they use to do the players in the theatre, I am no true man. CASCA Marry, before he fell down, when he perceived the common herd was glad he refused the crown, he plucked me ope his doublet and offered them his throat to cut. An I had been a man of any occupation, if I would not have taken him at a word, I would I might go to hell among the rogues.
And so he fell. When he came to himself again, he said, If he had done or said any thing amiss, he desired their worships to think it was his infirmity. Fare you well. There was more foolery yet, if I could remember it. Farewell, both. He was quick mettle when he went to school. This rudeness is a sauce to his good wit, Which gives men stomach to digest his words With better appetite.
For this time I will leave you: To-morrow, if you please to speak with me, I will come home to you; or, if you will, Come home to me, and I will wait for you. Thunder and lightning. Why are you breathless? O Cicero, I have seen tempests, when the scolding winds Have rived the knotty oaks, and I have seen The ambitious ocean swell and rage and foam, To be exalted with the threatening clouds: But never till to-night, never till now, Did I go through a tempest dropping fire.
Either there is a civil strife in heaven, Or else the world, too saucy with the gods, Incenses them to send destruction. And yesterday the bird of night did sit Even at noon-day upon the market-place, Hooting and shrieking. Come Caesar to the Capitol to-morrow? Cassius, what night is this! It is the part of men to fear and tremble, When the most mighty gods by tokens send Such dreadful heralds to astonish us.
You look pale and gaze And put on fear and cast yourself in wonder, To see the strange impatience of the heavens: But if you would consider the true cause Why all these fires, why all these gliding ghosts, Why birds and beasts from quality and kind, Why old men fool and children calculate, Why all these things change from their ordinance Their natures and preformed faculties To monstrous quality,—why, you shall find That heaven hath infused them with these spirits, To make them instruments of fear and warning Unto some monstrous state.
Now could I, Casca, name to thee a man Most like this dreadful night, That thunders, lightens, opens graves, and roars As doth the lion in the Capitol, A man no mightier than thyself or me In personal action, yet prodigious grown And fearful, as these strange eruptions are.
CASSIUS I know where I will wear this dagger then; Cassius from bondage will deliver Cassius: Therein, ye gods, you make the weak most strong; Therein, ye gods, you tyrants do defeat: Nor stony tower, nor walls of beaten brass, Nor airless dungeon, nor strong links of iron, Can be retentive to the strength of spirit; But life, being weary of these worldly bars, Never lacks power to dismiss itself. If I know this, know all the world besides, That part of tyranny that I do bear I can shake off at pleasure.
Poor man! I know he would not be a wolf, But that he sees the Romans are but sheep: He were no lion, were not Romans hinds. Those that with haste will make a mighty fire Begin it with weak straws: what trash is Rome, What rubbish and what offal, when it serves For the base matter to illuminate So vile a thing as Caesar!
But, O grief, Where hast thou led me? I perhaps speak this Before a willing bondman; then I know My answer must be made. Hold, my hand: Be factious for redress of all these griefs, And I will set this foot of mine as far As who goes farthest. Metellus Cimber?
What a fearful night is this! Is Decius Brutus and Trebonius there? Well, I will hie, And so bestow these papers as you bade me. Let us go, For it is after midnight; and ere day We will awake him and be sure of him.
I cannot, by the progress of the stars, Give guess how near to day. Lucius, I say! I would it were my fault to sleep so soundly.
When, Lucius, when? It is the bright day that brings forth the adder; And that craves wary walking. Crown him? He then unto the ladder turns his back, Looks in the clouds, scorning the base degrees By which he did ascend. So Caesar may.
Then, lest he may, prevent. Is not to-morrow, boy, the ides of March? Speak, strike, redress! What, Rome? O Rome, I make thee promise: If the redress will follow, thou receivest Thy full petition at the hand of Brutus! Go to the gate; somebody knocks. Between the acting of a dreadful thing And the first motion, all the interim is Like a phantasma, or a hideous dream: The Genius and the mortal instruments Are then in council; and the state of man, Like to a little kingdom, suffers then The nature of an insurrection.
O conspiracy, Shamest thou to show thy dangerous brow by night, When evils are most free? O, then by day Where wilt thou find a cavern dark enough To mask thy monstrous visage? Seek none, conspiracy; Hide it in smiles and affability: For if thou path, thy native semblance on, Not Erebus itself were dim enough To hide thee from prevention. Know I these men that come along with you? This is Trebonius. What watchful cares do interpose themselves Betwixt your eyes and night?
Here, as I point my sword, the sun arises, Which is a great way growing on the south, Weighing the youthful season of the year.
Some two months hence up higher toward the north He first presents his fire; and the high east Stands, as the Capitol, directly here. But if these, As I am sure they do, bear fire enough To kindle cowards and to steel with valour The melting spirits of women, then, countrymen, What need we any spur but our own cause, To prick us to redress? I think he will stand very strong with us. But, alas, Caesar must bleed for it!
And, friends, disperse yourselves; but all remember What you have said, and show yourselves true Romans. BRUTUS Good gentlemen, look fresh and merrily; Let not our looks put on our purposes, But bear it as our Roman actors do, With untired spirits and formal constancy: And so good morrow to you every one. Fast asleep? It is not for your health thus to commit Your weak condition to the raw cold morning.
Dear my lord, Make me acquainted with your cause of grief. Good Portia, go to bed. What, is Brutus sick, And will he steal out of his wholesome bed, To dare the vile contagion of the night And tempt the rheumy and unpurged air To add unto his sickness?
No, my Brutus; You have some sick offence within your mind, Which, by the right and virtue of my place, I ought to know of: and, upon my knees, I charm you, by my once-commended beauty, By all your vows of love and that great vow Which did incorporate and make us one, That you unfold to me, yourself, your half, Why you are heavy, and what men to-night Have had to resort to you: for here have been Some six or seven, who did hide their faces Even from darkness.
Within the bond of marriage, tell me, Brutus, Is it excepted I should know no secrets That appertain to you? Am I yourself But, as it were, in sort or limitation, To keep with you at meals, comfort your bed, And talk to you sometimes? Dwell I but in the suburbs Of your good pleasure?
Knocking within Hark, hark! All my engagements I will construe to thee, All the charactery of my sad brows: Leave me with haste. Boy, stand aside. Caius Ligarius! Would you were not sick! You are expected to do a thorough research for each assignment to earn yourself a good grade even with the limited time you have.
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